Top 65 Microsoft DevOps Engineer Interview Questions

As DevOps gains more traction in the software development industry, the demand for skilled Microsoft DevOps engineers has also increased. If you’re preparing for a DevOps Engineer interview, it’s essential to familiarize yourself with the types of questions you can expect.

In this blog, we’ve compiled a list of 65 commonly asked Microsoft DevOps Engineer interview questions to help you prepare for your next interview. The questions cover various topics, including Azure DevOps, continuous integration and deployment, containerization, monitoring, and security, among others.

By going through this list of questions and practicing your responses, you’ll be better equipped to showcase your skills and experience during the interview and increase your chances of landing your dream DevOps Engineer job at Microsoft. So, let’s dive in!

Top DevOps Engineer Interview Questions

 In order to get a DevOps Engineer job, the candidate has to ace the Microsoft DevOps Engineer Interview session. So, here we are providing an article for the Microsoft DevOps Engineer Interview!

1. Can you explain the DevOps methodology and its benefits?

DevOps is a software development method that emphasizes collaboration, communication, and integration between development and operations teams. The goal of DevOps is to deliver software faster and more reliably by automating processes and creating a culture of continuous improvement.

Benefits of DevOps include:

• Faster time to market: DevOps processes allow for quicker development and deployment of software.
• Improved collaboration: DevOps encourages communication and collaboration between development and operations teams, leading to better understanding and more effective problem-solving.
• Increased reliability: Automated processes and continuous testing help to ensure software is of high quality and reliable.
• Better management of resources: DevOps helps teams to better manage resources, leading to improved efficiency and cost savings.
• Continuous improvement: DevOps is a continuous improvement process, allowing teams to quickly identify and resolve issues, leading to better software and increased customer satisfaction.

2. How do you implement continuous integration and continuous deployment (CI/CD) in a Microsoft environment?

Implementing CI/CD in a Microsoft environment typically involves the following steps:

• Setting up a version control system: A version control system such as Git can be used to store and manage code.
• Automating build and test processes: Tools such as Microsoft’s Azure DevOps can be used to automate build and test processes.
• Integrating with the deployment pipeline: The build and test processes can be integrated with the deployment pipeline, allowing for automatic deployment of code changes.
• Implementing continuous testing: Automated testing can be used to validate code changes before they are deployed.
• Monitoring and logging: Monitoring and logging can be used to track the success of deployments and identify issues.
• Implementing rollback mechanisms: Rollback mechanisms can be implemented to quickly revert to a previous version in case of failures.
• Enhancing security: Security measures can be put in place to ensure that only authorized users can access and deploy code.

The exact implementation will depend on the specific requirements and infrastructure of an organization. It’s also possible to use third-party tools and services to support CI/CD in a Microsoft environment, such as AWS or Google Cloud.

3. How do you monitor and troubleshoot application performance in a Microsoft DevOps environment?

Monitoring and troubleshooting application performance in a Microsoft DevOps environment typically involves the following steps:

• Setting up performance monitoring tools: Tools such as Azure Monitor or System Center Operations Manager can be used to monitor performance and collect data on application behavior.
• Collecting performance metrics: Metrics such as response time, error rates, and resource utilization can be collected to help identify performance issues.
• Analyzing performance data: Performance data can be analyzed to identify trends and correlations, and to detect performance issues.
• Debugging application issues: Debugging tools such as Visual Studio Debugger or IntelliTrace can be used to identify and resolve issues in the code.
• Using log files: Log files can be used to identify errors and to gather information about application behavior.
• Alerting and notifications: An alerting mechanism can be set up to notify team members of performance issues and to trigger appropriate responses.
• Improving performance: Based on performance data, the application can be optimized and performance can be improved.

It’s important to monitor and troubleshoot performance on an ongoing basis to ensure the stability and reliability of the application. Additionally, performance monitoring should be integrated into the DevOps process to ensure that performance issues are detected and resolved quickly.

4. How do you think DevOps is diverse from agile methodology?

DevOps is a practice that enables the development and the employment team to work collectively. This ends in constant development, integration, deployment, testing, and observing of the software during the lifecycle.

Agile is a software development method that concentrates on small, incremental, iterative, and rapid deliverance of software, with consumer feedback. It discusses gaps and conflicts among the customer and developers.

5. Can you describe your experience with source control systems such as Git and TFS?

Git is a distributed version control system that allows multiple developers to work on a project simultaneously and track changes to the codebase. Git is widely used in the software development community and offers features such as branch and merge support, version history, and local repositories.

TFS (Team Foundation Server) is a Microsoft product that provides source control, project tracking, and application lifecycle management capabilities. TFS integrates with Visual Studio and supports a range of development languages, including .NET, Java, and Python. TFS also offers features such as work item tracking, continuous integration, and continuous delivery.

Both Git and TFS are widely used and offer robust source control capabilities. The choice between Git and TFS will depend on the specific requirements and infrastructure of an organization.

6. How do you manage and secure secrets, such as API keys and passwords, in a DevOps environment?

Managing and securing secrets, such as API keys and passwords, in a DevOps environment is a critical aspect of security. The following are some common approaches:

• Secret management tools: Tools such as Hashicorp Vault, AWS Secrets Manager, or Azure Key Vault can be used to securely store and manage secrets. These tools allow secrets to be encrypted and stored securely, and they can be integrated with the deployment pipeline to allow for secure deployment of applications.
• Environment variables: Secrets can be stored as environment variables and passed to the application at runtime. This approach allows for secure storage of secrets, but it requires proper management and protection of environment variables.
• Configuration files: Secrets can be stored in configuration files and encrypted using a tool such as Ansible Vault. This approach allows for secure storage of secrets, but it requires proper management and protection of configuration files.
• Least privilege: Access to secrets should be granted on a need-to-know basis and revoked promptly when no longer needed.
• Encryption: Secrets should be encrypted both in storage and in transit.

It’s important to regularly assess and audit the security of secrets to ensure that they are not being accessed or used inappropriately. Additionally, it’s important to implement proper backup and disaster recovery procedures for secrets to ensure their availability in case of an incident.

7. How do you implement infrastructure as code (IaC) in a Microsoft environment using tools such as Terraform or ARM templates?

Infrastructure as Code (IaC) in a Microsoft environment can be implemented using either Terraform or Azure Resource Manager (ARM) templates.

With Terraform, you can write infrastructure definitions in Terraform HashiCorp Configuration Language (HCL) and use Terraform to provision and manage resources on Azure. To get started, you’ll need to install Terraform and configure the Azure Terraform provider, which allows Terraform to interact with Azure APIs.

With ARM templates, you can write JSON-based templates to define and deploy resources in Azure. You can use the Azure CLI, Azure Portal, or Azure PowerShell to deploy the templates. ARM templates provide a way to automate the deployment and management of resources on Azure.

Both Terraform and ARM templates allow you to version control your infrastructure, automate deployment, and manage multiple environments from a single place.

8. Can you describe your experience with containerization and container orchestration, such as Docker and Kubernetes?

Docker is a platform for developing, shipping, and running applications using containers. A container is a standalone executable package that includes everything needed to run a piece of software, including the code, runtime, system tools, libraries, and settings. Docker provides a way to build, package, and distribute containers, making it easier to develop and deploy applications in a consistent manner across different environments.

Kubernetes is an open-source platform for automating the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. It provides a unified API and set of abstractions for managing containers, allowing you to define and manage the desired state of your applications, and letting Kubernetes handle the underlying infrastructure and scaling.

Docker and Kubernetes work together to provide a powerful platform for developing and deploying containerized applications. With Docker, you can package your application and its dependencies in a container, and with Kubernetes, you can manage and automate the deployment, scaling, and management of those containers.

9. How do you ensure that your applications are scalable and highly available in a DevOps environment?

In a DevOps environment, there are several strategies that can be used to ensure that applications are scalable and highly available:

• Load balancing: By distributing incoming traffic across multiple instances of an application, load balancing can help ensure that no single instance becomes overwhelmed, improving the overall scalability and availability of the application.
• Auto-scaling: Automatically scaling the number of instances of an application based on demand can help ensure that resources are available when needed, improving the scalability of the application.
• Health checks: Regularly checking the health of application instances and automatically replacing instances that are unhealthy can help ensure high availability, as it reduces the likelihood of having a single point of failure.
• Redundancy: Providing redundant instances of critical components, such as databases, can help ensure high availability, as it reduces the likelihood of having a single point of failure.
• Monitoring: Monitoring the performance of applications and infrastructure and alerting on potential issues can help identify and resolve problems before they impact users, improving the overall availability of the application.
• Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD): Automating the build, testing, and deployment of applications can help ensure that changes are quickly and consistently deployed, reducing the likelihood of downtime and improving the overall availability of the application.
• Disaster Recovery: Having a plan in place for recovering from disasters, such as natural disasters or cyber-attacks, can help ensure that applications are highly available, even in the event of a major outage.

By using a combination of these strategies, it is possible to ensure that applications are scalable and highly available in a DevOps environment.

10. Describe how “Infrastructure code” is executed or processed in AWS?

• The code for the foundation will be in plain JSON format
• This JSON code will be built into files named templates
• These templates can be extended on AWS DevOps and then accomplished as stacks

11. Explain the use of Test Automation in DevOps.

DevOps is not only about jobs or devices, it’s about people, automation, and culture. To perform DevOps, constant testing acts a very significant role where drafting scripts for software testing and make them auto executable so that one can automate the examination and do the regular releases utilizing the delivery pipelines.

12. Can you describe your experience with cloud platforms, such as Azure, and cloud migration?

Azure is a cloud computing platform and infrastructure created by Microsoft for building, deploying, and managing applications and services through a global network of Microsoft-managed data centers. Azure provides a range of services, including compute, storage, databases, and network, among others, which can be used to build and deploy a wide range of applications and services.

Cloud migration is the process of moving applications, data, and other workloads from on-premises or other cloud environments to a new cloud environment. The primary goal of cloud migration is to take advantage of the benefits offered by the cloud, such as increased scalability, reliability, and cost savings.

When migrating to Azure, it’s important to consider factors such as the compatibility of existing applications with the Azure platform, the cost of migration and operation in the cloud, and the complexity of the migration process. There are several strategies for migrating to Azure, including lift-and-shift, re-platforming, and refactoring, and the choice of strategy will depend on the specific needs and goals of the migration.

In order to ensure a successful migration, it’s important to plan the migration carefully, test the migration process, and monitor the migration for any issues or challenges. Additionally, it’s important to ensure that the security and compliance requirements of the workloads being migrated are met in the new cloud environment.

13. How do you collaborate and communicate with development and operations teams in a DevOps environment?

In a DevOps environment, collaboration and communication between development and operations teams is crucial to ensure efficient and effective delivery of software. Some common ways to facilitate collaboration and communication include:

• Cross-functional teams: Encouraging development and operations teams to work together as a single unit can help break down silos and improve communication.
• Shared tools: Implementing shared tools and technologies can help both teams work more efficiently and effectively.
• Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) pipelines: Automating the software delivery process can help ensure consistent and reliable delivery of software, and also reduce manual errors.
• Regular meetings: Regular check-ins, stand-ups, and retrospectives can help both teams stay aligned and identify any obstacles that need to be addressed.
• Communication protocols: Establishing clear communication protocols and procedures can help ensure that everyone is on the same page and that important information is not lost or overlooked.
• Blameless culture: Promoting a blameless culture where everyone is encouraged to learn from failures and mistakes can help both teams work more closely together and build trust.
• Monitoring and Feedback: Regular monitoring of the performance and feedback can help ensure that the software delivery process is working effectively, and that any issues can be addressed quickly.

14. Explain the difference between the Azure DevOps Services and Azure DevOps Server.

Candidates would usually encounter this as one of the critical DevOps interview questions. So, Azure DevOps Services is a cloud service by Microsoft Azure with an extremely reliable, scalable, and globally hosted service. On the opposite hand, DevOps Server is an on-premises atonement, created on a SQL Server back end.

Enterprises prefer the on-premises alternative when they require their day inside their network. Another reason to go with on-premises is the demand for SQL Server reporting services that integrate well with Azure DevOps data and processes.

15. What are the differences between Kubernetes and Docker Swarm?

Kubernetes and Docker Swarm are both container orchestration platforms, but there are several differences between the two:

• Architecture: Kubernetes is built with a master-slave architecture, while Docker Swarm is built with a cluster architecture.
• Scalability: Kubernetes is known for its scalability, as it can handle large clusters with thousands of nodes, whereas Docker Swarm has a limit on the number of nodes it can handle.
• Deployment: Kubernetes offers more options for deployment than Docker Swarm, including rolling updates, blue-green deployments, and canary releases.
• Resiliency: Kubernetes offers more robust resiliency features, such as self-healing, auto-scaling, and load balancing, than Docker Swarm.
• Networking: Kubernetes offers more advanced networking options than Docker Swarm, such as service discovery and load balancing.
• Community: Kubernetes has a larger and more active open-source community than Docker Swarm.

16. Explain a case where DevOps can be utilized in industry/ real-life.

There are many enterprises that are practicing DevOps so the candidate can consider any of those use cases, candidate can also refer to the below example:
Richie is a peer-to-peer e-commerce website concentrated on homemade or vintage items and types of equipment, as well as sole factory-manufactured things. Richie strived with slow, disturbing site updates that usually created the site to go underneath. It influenced sales for millions of Richie’s users who traded goods through the online marketplace and endangered running them to the competitor.

With the aid of a technical administration team, Richie transitioned from its waterfall model, which offered four-hour full-site deployments double weekly, to an extra agile approach. Now, it has a completely automated deployment pipeline, and its constant delivery modes have reportedly appeared in more than 50 deployments a day with fewer disruptions.

17. How do you implement continuous integration and continuous deployment (CI/CD) in a Microsoft environment?

Implementing continuous integration and continuous deployment (CI/CD) in a Microsoft environment typically involves the following steps:

• Set up a source code repository: Choose a source code repository, such as Microsoft’s Azure DevOps or GitHub, where developers can check in their code.
• Configure the build pipeline: Use a build tool, such as Azure DevOps pipelines, to automate the build process. The build pipeline should compile the code, run tests, and create a deployable artifact.
• Set up a test environment: Create a separate environment for testing, such as an Azure DevTest Labs, to ensure that code changes do not impact production systems.
• Automate the deployment process: Use a deployment tool, such as Azure DevOps release pipelines, to automate the deployment of code changes to testing, staging, and production environments.
• Monitor and measure performance: Implement monitoring and analytics tools, such as Azure Monitor, to track the performance and availability of your applications.
• Integrate security testing: Incorporate security testing into your CI/CD pipeline, such as using Azure Security Center or Microsoft Threat Detection, to ensure that your applications are secure.
• Continuous feedback: Encourage continuous feedback from development, operations, and business teams to ensure that the CI/CD pipeline is meeting their needs and to identify areas for improvement.

By following these steps, you can establish a robust and reliable CI/CD pipeline in a Microsoft environment that enables you to continuously deliver high-quality software to your customers.

18. Explain your intelligence and expertise on the software developing side and the technical operations of an association you have operated with in the past.

In software development, it’s essential to have strong programming skills and knowledge of various programming languages, such as Java, Python, C++, and others, depending on the project’s requirements. Additionally, understanding software design patterns, data structures, algorithms, and software development methodologies such as Agile and Scrum is important.

In DevOps, experience in using tools such as Git, Jenkins, Azure DevOps, Docker, Kubernetes, and other containerization and orchestration tools is critical. Knowledge of Infrastructure as Code (IaC) principles and practices, such as using tools like Terraform or ARM templates, is also essential.

In addition to technical skills, communication and collaboration skills are also crucial in DevOps. DevOps requires close collaboration between software developers and operations teams, so the ability to communicate effectively and work collaboratively is essential.

19. How do you monitor and troubleshoot application performance in a Microsoft DevOps environment?

Monitoring and troubleshooting application performance in a Microsoft DevOps environment typically involves the following steps:

• Monitor key performance metrics: Use tools such as Azure Monitor to track key performance metrics, such as response time, CPU utilization, and memory usage.
• Logging and tracing: Implement logging and tracing to capture detailed information about the application’s behavior. Use tools like Azure Log Analytics or Application Insights to centralize logs and make it easier to search, analyze, and visualize them.
• Alerting: Set up alerts to notify you when performance metrics fall outside of acceptable thresholds. This can be done through tools such as Azure Monitor or Application Insights.
• Root cause analysis: Use tools such as Azure Monitor’s Performance Analytics and Azure Log Analytics to perform root cause analysis and identify the source of performance issues.
• Continuous performance testing: Incorporate performance testing into your CI/CD pipeline to catch performance issues early and prevent them from reaching production.
• Collaboration: Foster collaboration between development, operations, and support teams to ensure that everyone is working together to resolve performance issues quickly and effectively.
• Feedback loops: Implement feedback loops to gather information about the user experience and identify performance bottlenecks.

By following these steps, you can establish a robust performance monitoring and troubleshooting process in a Microsoft DevOps environment that enables you to quickly identify and resolve performance issues.

20. List the advantages of Azure DevOps Services.

• More modest server management.
• More reliable connectivity with remote sites.
• Faster entrance to new and fertile features, etc.  

21. Can you describe your experience with automation tools such as Ansible, Chef, or Puppet?

Ansible is a popular open-source automation platform that uses simple and easy-to-read YAML scripts to automate configuration management, application deployment, and other IT tasks.

Chef is a configuration management tool that uses Ruby to define infrastructure as code and automate the provisioning, deployment, and management of servers.

Puppet is a configuration management tool that uses a declarative language to describe the desired state of an infrastructure and automate the delivery, deployment, and management of infrastructure and applications.

All three tools are widely used in the industry and offer a range of features and capabilities for automating various IT tasks. The choice of which tool to use often depends on an organization’s specific needs and requirements, as well as existing infrastructure and processes.

22. Which factors would you examine for preferring one from Azure DevOps Services and Azure DevOps Server?

Aspirants could find this question as one of the excellent Azure DevOps interview questions. The primary constituents to contemplate before making the selection of a platform among Azure DevOps Services and Azure DevOps Server are:

• Authentication requirements
• Range and scale data
• Administration of user access
• Security and data protection precedents
• Users and groups
• Process customization

23. What do you understand by Continuous Delivery?

Continuous Delivery is an expansion of Continuous Integration which essentially accommodates to get the characteristics that the developers are advancing out to the end-users as soon as probable. During this method, it goes through several stages of Staging, QA, etc., and then for shipment to the PRODUCTION system.

24. Explain the anti-patterns of the DevOps.

A pattern is a general usage regularly followed. If a pattern usually affirmed by others does not strive for your organization and you recommence to blindly follow it, you are actually choosing an anti-pattern. There are myths regarding DevOps. Some of them incorporate:

• DevOps is a method
• We need a separate DevOps group
• Agile equals DevOps?
• DevOps will solve all our difficulties
• DevOps suggests Developers Managing Production

25. Describe how you manage revision (version) control as a DevOps Engineer?

As a DevOps Engineer, managing version control is an essential part of my role. Revision control, also known as version control, is the process of managing changes to source code, configuration files, and other artifacts associated with software development and deployment.

There are several steps that I follow to manage revision control:

1. Choosing a version control system: The first step is to choose a version control system (VCS) that best fits the organization’s needs. Popular VCSs include Git, Subversion, and Mercurial.
2. Setting up the repository: Once the VCS is chosen, the next step is to set up the repository that will hold the source code and other artifacts. This includes creating branches and defining access controls to ensure that only authorized personnel can access and modify the code.
3. Creating a workflow: The next step is to define a workflow for managing changes to the code. This includes creating branches for new features or bug fixes, merging changes back into the main branch, and defining the review and approval process for changes.
4. Versioning the code: As changes are made to the code, it’s essential to version the code and tag each version so that it can be tracked and easily rolled back if necessary.
5. Automating the process: To ensure consistency and reduce errors, it’s important to automate the revision control process as much as possible. This includes automating code review, testing, and deployment processes.
6. Monitoring and auditing: Finally, it’s essential to monitor the revision control system and audit the changes to ensure that they comply with organizational policies and standards.

26. Which language is used in Git?

Git is drafting in C language, and since its drafted in C language its very fast and decreases the overhead of runtimes.

27. Can you explain your experience with containers and container orchestration in a Microsoft environment, such as with Azure Container Instances or AKS?

Containers are a technology that enables applications to be packaged and run in a lightweight, isolated environment. This makes it easier to deploy and manage applications, as well as to ensure consistency and reproducibility of the environment.

Azure Container Instances is a service that enables users to quickly and easily deploy containers in the cloud without the need to manage infrastructure. ACI makes it easy to get started with containers and provides a simple and cost-effective way to run containers in the cloud.

Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) is a managed Kubernetes service that makes it easy to deploy, manage, and scale containerized applications in the cloud. AKS provides a fully managed Kubernetes environment and handles tasks such as scaling, upgrades, and backups, allowing users to focus on developing and running their applications.

In a Microsoft environment, both Azure Container Instances and AKS can be used to run and manage containers, and the choice of which to use often depends on the specific needs and requirements of the organization. Both services offer a range of features and capabilities for running containers in the cloud and provide a highly scalable and flexible platform for deploying and managing containerized applications.

28. How does constant monitoring help one to manage the whole architecture of the system?

Constant monitoring in the DevOps is a method of identifying, detecting, and reporting any threats or faults in the whole infrastructure of the system.

• Assures that all applications, services, and resources are working on the servers correctly.
• Observes the state of servers and manages if applications are operating correctly or not.
• Allows transaction inspection, continuous audit, and controlled monitoring.

29. What do you mean by SubGit?

SubGit is a device for transferring SVN to Git. It generates a writable Git mirror of a local or remote Subversion repository and utilizes both Subversion and Git if you like.

30. Can DevOps be employed in a Waterfall method? Describe the importance of the Agile method in DevOps implementation.

• In the waterfall method, as all of us are informed initially complete specifications are gathered, next the System is composed, Implementation of the System is then performed followed by System testing and extended to the end-users. In this method, the difficulty was that there was a large waiting time for build and deployment which caused it very hard to get the feedback.
• The solution was that the Agile method has to bring agility in both advancement and operations. The agile method could be the principal or a specific pre-requisite may be needed for DevOps implementation.
• The focus space is to deliver the software in a very convenient manner with smaller release cycles and immediate feedback. So, the agile method center will mainly be on speed, and in DevOps, it serves well with the automation of several tools.

31. Describe the branching approaches you have used.

• Feature branching- This is a feature branch design that keeps all of the adjustments for special characteristics inside of a branch. When the feature is fully examined and verified by automated tests, the branch is then mixed into master.
• Task branching- In this model, each responsibility is performed on its own branch with the responsibility key incorporated in the branch name. It is clear to see which code performs which task, just look for the task key in the branch name.
• Release branching- Once the advanced branch has obtained enough features for a release, one can clone that branch to form a Release branch. Building this branch begins the next release period, so no new features can be combined after this point, only defect fixes, documentation production, and other release-oriented duties should go in this branch. Once it is ready to send, the release gets mixed into master and tagged with a version number.

32. What do you mean by Azure Boards?

Azure board gives service to maintain your works, utilizing the Kanban templates and Agile Scrum, Dashboard that we can customize and reporting.

33. How do you ensure security and compliance in a Microsoft DevOps environment?

Ensuring security and compliance in a Microsoft DevOps environment involves implementing a combination of technical and process-oriented measures. Here are some common practices to help ensure security and compliance:

1. Implementing secure infrastructure: Use Azure services and tools to secure the underlying infrastructure, such as securing network traffic with Azure Virtual Network and using Azure Key Vault for secure storage of secrets.
2. Automated security scanning and testing: Use security scanning tools, such as Azure Security Center, to continuously monitor for vulnerabilities and misconfigurations in the environment. Integrate security testing into the CI/CD pipeline to catch and fix security issues before they reach production.
3. Access control and identity management: Use Azure Active Directory for identity and access management, and implement role-based access control to restrict access to resources based on job function.
4. Compliance and regulatory requirements: Use Azure Policy and Azure Compliance Manager to monitor and enforce compliance with industry regulations, such as GDPR and PCI-DSS.
5. Data protection and encryption: Use Azure encryption and data protection features, such as Azure Disk Encryption and Azure Key Vault, to protect sensitive data and ensure data privacy.
6. Continuous monitoring and auditing: Use Azure Monitor and Azure Log Analytics to continuously monitor and audit activity in the DevOps environment, and use Azure Security Center to identify and respond to security threats.

By implementing these and other security and compliance measures, organizations can ensure that their Microsoft DevOps environment is secure and compliant with industry regulations and standards.

34. How do you revert a commit in Git that has previously been launched and made public?

There can be two explanations to this particular question so make certain that you incorporate both because any of the following options can be utilized depending on the situation:

• Fix or remove the bad file in a new commit and bootleg it to the remote repository. This is the common general way to repair an error. Once you have made significant modifications to the file, allocate it to the remote repository for that I will utilize.
  git commit -m “commit message”
• Generate a new commit that releases all changes that were performed in the bad commit.to do this I will practice a command.
  git revert <name of bad commit>

35. How is IaC performed utilizing AWS?

Start by speaking about the age-old devices of drafting commands onto script files and examining them in a separate setting before deployment and how this program is being replaced by IaC. Related to the codes composed for other services, with the guidance of AWS, IaC enables developers to draft, test, and manage infrastructure articles in a detailed manner, utilizing formats such as YAML or JSON. This facilitates more natural development and quicker deployment of infrastructure changes.

36. Can you discuss your experience with cloud migrations and how you have managed migration of on-premise applications to the cloud?

Cloud migration involves moving existing applications, data, and infrastructure from on-premise or traditional data centers to the cloud. To manage cloud migration, you can follow these steps:

1. Assess your current environment: This includes identifying the applications, data, and infrastructure components that you want to move to the cloud.
2. Plan the migration: Develop a detailed plan that outlines the steps you need to take to migrate each component, including any necessary changes to the application architecture.
3. Choose the right cloud provider: Evaluate different cloud providers based on factors such as cost, performance, security, and reliability.
4. Migrate the data: Transfer your data to the cloud using techniques such as data replication, data backup and restore, or data archive.
5. Deploy and test the applications: Deploy the applications in the cloud and perform thorough testing to ensure they are working as expected.
6. Monitor and optimize: Monitor the performance of your cloud-based applications and infrastructure and optimize them as needed to ensure they are running at peak efficiency.

By following these steps and using the right tools and techniques, you can successfully migrate your on-premise applications to the cloud.

37. What is Azure Repos?

• Azure Repos is a code version control system that can manage your code and its version.
• Practicing that we can trace the changes, whenever the crew edits code it has all the version history so following, we can correlate with the team and mix the changes.
• Git: Distributed Version Control System
• Team FoundationVersion Control (TFVC): Centralized Version Control System.

38. Can you describe build process in your words.

A build is a process in which the source code is put collectively to examine whether it operates as a single unit. In the build production method, the source code will encounter inspection, testing, compilation, and deployment.

39. What is the use of Ansible?

Ansible is essentially utilized in IT infrastructure to maintain or extend applications to remote nodes. Let’s assume we need to expand one application in 100’s of nodes by just administering one command, then Ansible is the one really getting into the picture but should have any information on Ansible script to read or execute the same.

40. Explain your expertise on DevOps projects as a DevOps Engineer?

Emphasize your position as a DevOps Engineer and how you were operating as a part of the 24*7 background and maybe in variations, the projects included in automating the CI and CD pipeline and implementing support to the project teams.

Therefore, taking comprehensive accountability for sustaining and increasing the environments for DevOps automation to more numerous and more projects and unusual technologies (Instance: .NET, J2EE projects) included within the organization.

Also, explain the method (Example Agile) and accessories that were included in end-to-end automation. You could also speak about your expertise, if any, in DevOps help over the Cloud environment.

41. Explain the process of Azure pipelines.

This is the technical Azure DevOps question for the deliberation of candidates. Azure Pipeline is a setting on the Azure cloud which you can practice for automatically constructing and examining code project. In extension, it also works efficiently with the majority of languages and project varieties, thereby showing advancements in the availability of code projects to other users. 

42. How do we define Docker Container and Kernel?

Docker Container is the operating instance of Docker Image. And a kernel is the smallest level of replaceable software that interfaces with the hardware in your computer.

43. Can you describe your experience with microservices and service-oriented architecture in a Microsoft environment?

Microservices and SOA are architectural patterns for building and deploying applications as a collection of independent, self-contained services that communicate with each other through APIs. Microsoft offers several technologies and tools for building and deploying microservices and SOA applications, including:

1. .NET Core: A cross-platform, open-source framework for building modern applications.
2. Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS): A managed Kubernetes service for deploying and managing containers.
3. Azure Service Fabric: A platform for building and deploying microservices and SOA applications at scale.
4. Visual Studio: A development environment that provides tools and templates for building and deploying microservices and SOA applications.
5. Azure Functions: A serverless computing service that enables you to run code without managing infrastructure.

By using these technologies and tools, you can build and deploy microservices and SOA applications in a Microsoft environment that are scalable, resilient, and flexible.

44. How can you determine a particular space to the file as a DevOps Engineer?

As a DevOps Engineer, there are several ways to determine the disk space used by a particular file:

1. Command Line: On Linux or macOS, you can use the du command to display the disk usage of a particular file or directory. The -h option makes the output more readable by showing sizes in human-readable format. For example, to display the disk usage of a file named example.txt, you can use the following command: du -h example.txt
2. File Manager: On Windows or macOS, you can use the built-in file manager to display the disk usage of a particular file. To do this, right-click on the file and select “Properties.” The file properties window should display the file size and disk space used.
3. Monitoring Tools: Many monitoring tools, such as Nagios, Zabbix, or Datadog, can monitor disk usage and provide alerts if disk space usage exceeds a certain threshold. These tools can also generate reports and provide insights into disk space usage patterns over time.

45. Can you explain your experience with database deployment and management in a Microsoft environment, such as with Azure SQL or Cosmos DB?

Azure SQL is a managed relational database service provided by Microsoft that is built on top of SQL Server. It provides a fully managed, highly available, and scalable database solution for applications running in the cloud.

Cosmos DB is a globally distributed, multi-model database service provided by Microsoft. It supports multiple data models including document, key-value, graph, and column-family, and multiple APIs including SQL, MongoDB, Cassandra, and Azure Table Storage.

To deploy and manage databases in a Microsoft environment, you can use Azure SQL or Cosmos DB and follow these steps:

• Plan the database deployment: This includes deciding on the appropriate database service, choosing the right pricing tier, and defining the performance and availability requirements.
• Create the database: Use the Azure portal or Azure CLI to create the database instance and configure the necessary settings.
• Migrate data: If migrating from an existing on-premise or cloud-based database, use tools such as Azure Database Migration Service to migrate the data to Azure.
• Manage database security: Configure and manage database security, such as firewall rules, authentication, and authorization.
• Monitor and optimize performance: Use Azure Monitor and other tools to monitor the performance of your databases and make necessary optimizations to ensure they are running at peak efficiency.

By following these steps and using the right tools and techniques, you can successfully deploy and manage databases in a Microsoft environment with Azure SQL or Cosmos DB.

46. Explain ‘Staging Area’ or ‘Index’ in GIT.

Before sending a file, it must be formatted and analyzed in an intermediary area called ‘Staging Area’ or ‘Indexing Area’.
#git add <file_name>

47. What are the primary components for uniting Azure DevOps and Bitbucket?

The solution to this problem introduces a self-hosted agent and an outside Git service connection. GitLab CI/CD is harmonious with GitHub and Git servers like Bitbucket. Rather than changing a whole project to GitLab, it is possible to connect an external repository to obtain the benefits of GitLab CI/CD.

48. Why Has DevOps increased influence over the few years?

Before speaking about the increasing demand for DevOps, discuss the contemporary industry situation. Begin with fascinating patterns of how big opponents such as Netflix and Facebook are spending in DevOps to automate and expedite application deployment and how this has served them increase their business. Employing Facebook as an instance, you would look to Facebook’s constant deployment and code ownership figures and how these have served it balances up but guarantee the essence of experience at the same time. Numbers of codes are implemented without swaying stability, quality, and security.

These are great instances of how DevOps can assist organizations to guarantee higher completion rates for releases, decrease the lead time among bug fixes, streamline and constant delivery by automation, and an overall decrease in manpower costs.

49. As a DevOps Engineer explain relation between Hudson and Jenkins.

Hudson was the previous name of current Jenkins. After few issue encountered, the project name was modified from Hudson to Jenkins.

50. What solution would you suggest to increase the property of code upon finding many unused variables and blank catch blocks?

The solution is to choose “Run PMD” in a Maven build responsibility. PMD is a reference code analyzer and distinguishes simple programming errors called unused variables, useless object creation, and blank code blocks. Further, an Apache Maven PMD Plugin assists in automatically administering the PMD code analysis mechanism on a project’s source code. The site report presents comprehensive results about flaws in the code. 

51. List some most suitable practices which should be observed for DevOps success.

• The speed of delivery indicates the time taken for any responsibility to get them into the production conditions.
• Trace how many bugs are found in the numerous
• It’s significant to estimate the real or the normal time that it necessitates recovering in case of a breakdown in the production environment.
• The amount of bugs being notified by the customer also affect the quality of the application.

52. How do you shift a file from your confined system to the GitHub repository working Git?

• First, join the local repository to your obscure repository:
• git remote add origin [copied web address]      
• // Ex: git remote add origin
• Next, shift your file to the remote repository:
• git push origin master

53. Describe how you can take the current color of the contemporary screen on the Ubuntu desktop?

You can begin with the background picture in The Gimp (image editor) and then work the dropper mechanism to choose the color on a particular point. It provides you the RGB value of the color at that time.

54. What are the difficulties you encountered in modern times?

One require to implement current technologies like Docker to automate the configuration management in my project by showing POC.

55. In how many steps you can place the Jenkins?

3 Ways

• By downloading the Jenkins archive file
• Running as a service Java –jar Jenkins. war
• By deploying Jenkins. war to the web apps folder in tomcat.

56. How to obtain variable titles in Ansible?

Using hostvars process we can access and add the variables like below:
{{ hostvars[inventory_hostname][‘ansible_’ + which_interface][‘ipv4’][‘address’] }}

57. As a DevOps Engineer, you are having various Memcache servers, in which one of the Memcache servers collapses, and it has your data, will it try to get key data from that one abandoned server?

The data in the abandoned server won’t get eliminated, but there is a stipulation for auto-failure, which you can configure for various nodes. Fail-over can be triggered while any socket or Memcached server level mistakes and not during standard client flaws like attaching an existing key, etc.

58. Describe what the Dogpile effect is? How can one check this effect?

Dogpile effect is suggested to the event when a cache terminates, and websites are beaten by the various requests by the client at the same time. This impact can be checked by utilizing a semaphore lock. In this system when value terminates, the first method procures the lock and starts creating a new value.

59. What is Blue/Green Deployment Pattern?

The Blue/Green coloring pattern directs the most significant challenges encountered during the automatic deployment method. In the Blue/ Green Deployment strategy, you require to guarantee two identical production environments. However, only one between them is LIVE at any given point in time. The LIVE environment is known as the Blue environment.

When the team anticipates the subsequent release of their software, they carry their final step of testing in an atmosphere which is known as a Green environment. Once established, the traffic is routed to the Green environment.

60. Describe Pair Programming with connecting to DevOps as a DevOps Engineer.

Pair programming is an engineering exercise of Extreme Programming Controls. In this process, two programmers operate on the corresponding system, on the identical design/algorithm/code.

One programmer performs as a “driver.” Other actions as an “observer” who constantly observe the development of a project to recognize problems. The roles can be modified at any point in time without any previous intimation.

61. Explain the docker motor and docker form.

Docker motor associates the docker daemon within the machine and presents the runtime circumstance and method for any compartment, docker combines several holders to cast as a stack employed in making application stacks such as LAMP, WAMP, XAMP.

62. What are your expectations from a career as a DevOps Engineer?

To be included in the end-to-end delivery method and the most significant aspect of treating to enhance the method so as to facilitate the development and operations to work mutually and conjecture each other’s point of view.

63. Do you have any kind of certification to expand your opportunities as a DevOps Engineer?

Usually, interviewers look for applicants who are solemn about improving their career options by producing the use of further tools like certifications. Certificates are obvious proof that the candidate has put in all attempts to learn new abilities, comprehend them, and put them into use at the most excellent of their capacity. Insert the certifications, if you have any, and do hearsay about them in brief, describing what you learned from the programs and how they’ve been important to you so far.

64. Do you have any prior experience serving in an identical industry like ours?

Here comes an outspoken question. It aims to evaluate if you have the industry-specific abilities that are required for the contemporary role. Even if you do not hold all of the skills and experience, make certain to completely describe how you can still make utilization of the skills and knowledge you’ve accomplished in the past to serve the company.

65. Why are you preparing for the DevOps Engineer position in our company specifically?

By this question, the interviewer is attempting to see how well you can influence them concerning your knowledge in the subject, besides the requirement for practicing structured DevOps methodologies. It is always an advantage to already know the job specification in particular, along with the return and the aspects of the company, thereby achieving a comprehensive knowledge of what tools, services, and DevOps methodologies are needed to work in the role triumphantly.

To Conclude!

We hope this blog has been helpful in your preparations for your Microsoft DevOps Engineer interview. Keep in mind that these questions are just a guide, and you may encounter additional questions that are specific to the job you’re applying for.

In addition to preparing for the technical questions, it’s also essential to be familiar with Microsoft’s culture and values, so make sure to do your research before the interview.

Remember, the key to acing your interview is to be confident, articulate, and able to showcase your skills and experience effectively. Good luck!