- Is a private network using internet
- data transfer over network as point-to-point private link
- encapsulates with header, having routing information
- uses encryption keys
- tunnel refers to part VPN connection having encapsulated private data
- protocols used for security in VPN
- IPSec or Internet Protocol Security, was developed for IPv6 and used with IPv4. L2TP runs over IPSec
- Transport Layer Security or SSL/TLS, tunnels entire network’s traffic, used if IPsec has problems with NAT or firewall
- Secure Shell or SSH VPN
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