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JNCIS-CLOUD (JN0-412) Interview Questions

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JNCIS-CLOUD (JN0-412) Interview Questions

1. What are the key elements of SDN?

Three layers are typically found in an SDN architecture: the application layer, the control layer, and the infrastructure layer. APIs (application programming interfaces) are used to communicate between these layers.

2. Which is better SDN or NFV?

Software-defined networking (SDN) automates network traffic control, enabling policy-based decisions to orchestrate which network traffic goes where. Network function virtualization (NFV) focuses on the services, and network virtualization ensures that the capabilities of the network align with the virtualized environments they are supporting.

3. What is the difference between virtualization and containers?

The two most popular methods for hosting applications in a computer system are virtualization and containerization. While virtualization uses the concept of a virtual machine as the fundamental unit, containerization uses the concept of a container.

4. What is container orchestration used for?

Container orchestration automates the deployment, management, and networking of Linux® containers. When you need to deploy and manage hundreds or thousands of containers, container orchestration is an ideal solution. Container orchestration works in any environment using containers.

5. How do containers improve the portability of applications?

Containers allow you to package your code with all its dependencies into a standardized unit for software deployment. The best part is that containers can be deployed to any type of host environment that has a supporting daemon installed.

6. What are the main components of OpenStack?

  • Compute (Nova)
  • Image Service (Glance)
  • Object Storage (Swift)
  • Dashboard (Horizon)
  • Identity Service (Keystone)
  • Networking (Neutron)
  • Block Storage (Cinder)
  • Telemetry (Ceilometer)

7. How would you describe neutron in OpenStack?

Neutron is an OpenStack project that provides an API for users to request and maintain network services. Neutron is a software-defined networking service that can implement multiple IP networks using the same physical infrastructure (routers, switches, and so on). It can be used to create advanced networking topologies with diverse types of network connectivity.

8. What components are there in neutron in OpenStack?

  • Neutron Server
  • Neutron Plugins
  • Neutron Agents
  • Controller Node
  • Compute Node
  • Networking Node
  • Physical Network

9. What is the difference between Kubernetes and OpenStack?

In simple terms, Kubernetes enables containerized applications to run on a cluster of Linux hosts, whereas OpenStack creates public and private cloud platforms. Using both together allows users to easily customize their OpenStack setups with Kubernetes.

10. What do you know about the Juniper contrail?

Juniper Networks’ Contrail Controller is an open cloud network automation product based on software-defined networks (SDN) technology that provides high scalability and flexibility for creating virtual networks.

11. What is contrail service orchestration?

Contrail Service Orchestration, a software platform developed by Juniper Networks, is designed to bridge enterprise and multitenant service provider solutions with secure SD-WAN, network functions virtualization (NFV), telco cloud, and more. It can be used as an on-premises product or in the cloud, which can be managed from anywhere via a mobile device.

12. What are BGPaaS use cases?

  • Dynamic Tunnel Insertion Within a Tenant Overlay.
  • Dynamic Network Reachability of Applications.
  • Liveness Detection for High Availability.

13. What is Contrail networking?

Contrail Networking provides an end-to-end view and control of virtual networks, from a single user interface. It simplifies network management by translating abstract workflows into specific policies for any cloud environment. Contrail Networking is scalable, automated, and policy-based for any cloud deployment, simplifying network policy management for computing, storage, and virtualized workloads.

14. Why do we need routing in a network?

Routing is a vital aspect of Internet infrastructure, and it is integral to a wide array of technologies and the ways we use them. We depend on it to communicate and conduct business, whether it’s sending an email message or placing a VoIP call. The process directs how messages, such as emails, website data, and VoIP calls, move from one place to another on the Internet.

15. What is VNS in networking?

Nuage Networks Virtualized Network Services (VNS) extends the power of SDN to create a dynamic, seamless WAN that connects your datacenters to your business, regardless of location. VNS can be built into your existing infrastructure or purchased as part of a managed service offered by service providers.

16. Why do we need EVPN-VXLAN?

EVPN-VXLAN (Ethernet VPN – VXLAN) refers to an overlay network fabric that extends layer 2 connectivity as a network overlay over an existing physical network by encapsulating Ethernet frames with a 4-byte VXLAN header. By extending layer 2 connectivity as an overlay network, EVPN-VXLAN creates more agile, secure, and scalable networks in campuses and data centers.

17. What are the benefits of DCI in networking?

Data Center Interconnect (DCI) is a set of technologies that use high-speed connections to make it possible to move large amounts of data between two or more data centers.

18. What role does fabric management play?

Fabric management sets up and manages connections between packet forwarding engines (PFEs) in a switching fabric. The PFEs, also known as line cards, connect to the fabric via switch interface boards (SIBs). These SIBs are connected to flexible PIC concentrators (FPCs) that link the SIB and the PFE across a switching fabric.

19. What is Juniper AppFormix?

AppFormix provides a toolset to visualize how infrastructure resources are utilized by workloads and ensure adequate capacity to ensure optimal application performance. AppFormix enables operators to control the deployment of applications across the data center. 

20. Which role does AppFormix perform in an SDN WAN environment? 

In addition to sending alert information to AppFormix, it also sends information to an orchestration platform.

21. What is the basic principle of SDN in a network?

SDN replaces the traditional method of deploying networks with centralized software-based policy/control engines that control network endpoints to automate network provisioning, management, and control.

22. What is Juniper Mist?

Juniper Mist is a cloud service based on machine learning that replaces manual wireless troubleshooting with automated operations to make Wi-Fi reliable and measurable. It provides unique visibility into network service levels, so customers can evaluate the effectiveness of their wireless infrastructure.

23. Is OpenStack an OS?

OpenStack is a cloud operating system that allows the user to control large pools of computing, storage, and networking resources throughout a data center. It will provide these resources, as well as monitor their availability, using APIs that share a common authentication process.

24. Is OpenStack a hypervisor?

OpenStack is not a hypervisor. It is an application program designed to manage virtual machines running on top of existing hypervisors. OpenStack offers administrators the flexibility they must have to effectively manage their infrastructure.

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