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EBS Volumes and IOPS

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IOPS

  • refer to operations on blocks that are up to 16 KB in size.
  • Standard volumes deliver 100 IOPS on average similar to a single desktop-class 7200 rpm SATA hard drive.
  • Similar SSD drive can deliver 5,000 to 100,000 IOPS.
  • Server-class SSD drives can go much higher.
  • EBS Provisioned IOPS can deliver a maximum of 4,000 IOPS

EBS Volumes

  • Amazon EBS volumes provide a durable block-storage option for EC2 instances.
  • Use EBS for data that requires long-term persistence and quick access.
  • There are two types of block storage:
    • solid-state-drive (SSD) storage
    • hard-disk-drive (HDD) storage.
  • SSD storage is optimized for transactional workloads for high IOPS. 2 SSD volume options
    • EBS Provisioned IOPS SSD (io1) – For latency-sensitive workloads, requiring minimum-guaranteed IOPS. Pay separately for provisioned IOPS
    • EBS General Purpose SSD (gp2) –For general use. Balance between cost and performance.
  • HDD storage for throughput-intensive workloads. 2 types
    • Throughput Optimized HDD (st1) –For frequently accessed, throughput-intensive workloads.
    • Cold HDD (sc1) – For less frequently accessed, throughput-intensive workloads.
Solid-State Drives (SSD)Hard Disk Drives (HDD)
Volume Type General Purpose SSD (gp2) Provisioned IOPS SSD (io1)Throughput Optimized HDD (st1)Cold HDD (sc1)
Description General-purpose SSD volume that balances price and performance for a wide variety of workloads Highest-performance SSD volume for mission-critical low-latency or high-throughput workloads Low-cost HDD volume designed for frequently accessed, throughput-intensive workloads Lowest cost HDD volume designed for less frequently accessed workloads
API Name gp2 io1 st1 sc1
Volume Size 1 GiB – 16 TiB 4 GiB – 16 TiB 500 GiB – 16 TiB 500 GiB – 16 TiB
Max. IOPS/Volume 16,000 64,000 500 250
Max. Throughput/Volume 250 MiB/s 1,000 MiB/s 500 MiB/s 250 MiB/s
Max. IOPS/Instance 80,000 80,000 80,000 80,000
Max. Throughput/Instance 1,750 MiB/s 1,750 MiB/s 1,750 MiB/s 1,750 MiB/s
Dominant Performance Attribute IOPS IOPS MiB/s MiB/s
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