AWS Database Primer
- every application depends on a database
- it store crucial data and records for its users.
- Database engine permits application to access, manage, and search large volumes of data records
- database is crucial to meet demands of performance, availability and recoverability for system.
- Database systems and engines are broadly grouped into two namely –
- Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS) and NoSQL (or non-relational) databases
- Relational Databases –
- most common type of database used
- It offers common interface for users to read and write from database using commands or queries written in SQL
- It consists of one or more tables, such that a table consists of columns and rows like a spreadsheet.
- database column contains a specific attribute of the record, like name, address, and telephone number,
- each attribute is assigned a data type such as text, number, or date,
- popularly used relational database software are
- MySQL
- PostgreSQL
- Microsoft SQL Server
- Oracle
- Further categorized as OLTP and OLAP database system, based on how tables are organized and application uses relational database.
- Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) –transaction oriented applications with frequent writing and changing data like data entry and e-commerce.
- Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) –pertains to reporting or analyzing large data sets.
- Data Warehouses
- central repository for data, coming from multiple sources.
- often referred as a specialized type of relational database
- used for reporting and analysis through OLAP.
- use to compile reports and search the database using highly complex queries.
- They are updated on a batch schedule multiple times per day or per hour,
- NoSQL Databases
- have gained popularity
- are often simpler to use, flexible, and achieve high performance levels
- relational databases are complex to scale beyond a single server
- NoSQL architecture permits for horizontal scalability on commodity hardware.
- are non-relational
- do not have same table and column semantics of a relational database.
- are often key/value stores or document stores with flexible schemas evolving over time or vary.
- AWS has a managed service like DynamoDB for building distributed cluster spanning multiple data centers.
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